<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!-- TemperateForest.xml (c) 1999 Shawn P. Vincent (svincent@svincent.com) -->

<page>

<title>Temperate Broadleaf Forest</title>

<summary>Tall spreading deciduous trees, dense undergrowth</summary>

  <head>Description</head>

    <p><art href="../ImageCatalog/TemperateForest1.jpg"/>A temperate
    forest is created when high amounts of precipitation fall in a
    temperate area (i.e. - one with winters).</p>

    <p>Within the forest, many trees dominate the view, and there are
    often shrubs and undergrowth making passage difficult.  The ground
    is typically covered in mosses and lichens.  The light is
    typically green, being filtered through the leaves in the upper
    canopy.</p>

  <head>Notes</head>

  <head>Climate</head>

    <head2>General Notes</head2>

      <p>Winters and summers are obvious in a temperate forest.  The
      trees are largely deciduous, and so when the snow and ice cover
      the ground, the trees are barren, and the sky is clearly
      visible.  During the summer, the leaves come out, the snow
      melts, and lush vegetation and life is there for all to see.</p>

      <p>The growing season in a forest is typically around 6
      months.</p>

    <head2>Year</head2>

      <stats>
      <stat><name>average yearly high:</name> <value>30C</value></stat>
      <stat><name>average yearly low:</name> <value>-30C</value></stat>
      <stat><name>average yearly precipitation:</name>
          <value>75-150 cm</value></stat>
      </stats>

    <head2>Summer</head2>

      <stats>
      <stat><name>average daily high:</name> <value></value></stat>
      <stat><name>average nightly low:</name> <value></value></stat>
      <stat><name>average daily precipitation:</name>
          <value></value></stat>
      </stats>

    <head2>Winter</head2>

      <stats>
      <stat><name>average daily high:</name> <value></value></stat>
      <stat><name>average nightly low:</name> <value></value></stat>
      <stat><name>average daily precipitation:</name>
          <value></value></stat>
      </stats>

  <head>Flora (Plant life)</head>

    <head2>General Notes</head2>

      <p>The most notable feature of the vegetation of a temperate
      forest is that most of the trees are <em>deciduous</em>: they
      lose their leaves in the winter.  This results in a thick layer
      of rotting leaves and moss covering the ground when the snow is
      absent.</p>

      <p>Ecological diversity is moderate: typically 3-4 tree species
      can be found per square kilometer.</p>

      <p>The trees are typically 60-100 feet high, and similar species
      of trees tend to grow in any particular region.</p>

    <head2>Common Species</head2>

      <ul>
        <li><p>mosses and lichens (on tree trunks and on the ground)</p></li>

        <li><p>Trees: oak, hickory, beech, hemlock, maple, basswood,
        cottonwood, elm, willow, sourwood, dogwood, redbud</p></li>

        <li><p>wild herbs</p></li>
      </ul>

    <head2>Uncommon Species</head2>

      <ul>
        <li><p>Shrubs: rhododendron, azaleas, mountain laurel, huckleberries</p></li>
        <li><p>Creepers: wild grape, poison ivy, Virginia creeper</p></li>
      </ul>

    <head2>Rare Species</head2>

      <ul>
      </ul>

  <head>Fauna (Animal life)</head>

    <head2>General Notes</head2>

      <p>Some species of animals hibernate during the winter months
      when the food is scarse.</p>

    <head2>Common Species</head2>

      <ul>
        <li><p>Small mammals: gray squirrel, chipmunk, rabbit</p></li>
        <li><p>Birds (resident): woodpeckers, chickadees, blue jay</p></li>
        <li><p>Birds (migratory): warblers, wrens, thrushes, tanagers,
        hummingbirds</p></li>
      </ul>

    <head2>Uncommon Species</head2>

      <ul>
        <li><p>white-tail deer</p></li>
        <li><p>skunk</p></li>
        <li><p>racoon</p></li>
        <li><p>opossum</p></li>
        <li><p>beaver</p></li>
      </ul>

    <head2>Rare Species</head2>

      <ul>
        <li><p>mountain lion</p></li>
        <li><p>bobcat</p></li>
        <li><p>timberwolf</p></li>
        <li><p>coyote</p></li>
        <li><p>fox</p></li>
        <li><p>bears (of various species: black, brown, grizzly)</p></li>
      </ul>

</page>
